Fertility Treatments
Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis
Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) offers a cutting-edge approach to IVF, allowing for the genetic analysis of embryos before implantation. This involves taking a biopsy from embryos at the blastocyst stage and sending it for genetic evaluation.
Types of PGT
PGT is categorized into three distinct types, each addressing different genetic concerns:
- PGT-A (for Aneuploidies): Aimed at identifying chromosomal anomalies, PGT-A enhances the likelihood of a successful pregnancy and is also utilized for sex selection.
- PGT-M (for Monogenic/Single Gene Defects): Targets specific genetic disorders, reducing the risk of passing these onto the child.
- PGT-SR (for Chromosomal Structural Rearrangements): Identifies embryos with chromosomal rearrangements, increasing the chances of a successful pregnancy.
The Process of PGT
PGT-A: Enhancing IVF Success
- Procedure: Integrated into the IVF cycle, requiring embryos to be frozen until test results return.
- Biopsy: Removal of cells from the embryo for genetic testing.
- Analysis: Cells analyzed in a genetics lab, while embryos are preserved.
- Selection and Transfer: Based on results, a healthy embryo is selected for transfer.
PGT-M: Preventing Genetic Diseases
- Purpose: Significantly lowers the risk of transmitting specific genetic conditions.
- Customization: Each test is personalized, requiring DNA samples from parents and sometimes family members.
- Process: Embryos undergo biopsy for detailed genetic testing, followed by the selection of unaffected embryos for transfer.
PGT-SR: Addressing Chromosomal Issues
- Application: For individuals with chromosomal rearrangements affecting pregnancy outcomes.
- Simplification: Often follows a straightforward procedure akin to PGT-A, with additional workup in some cases.
Considering PGT
PGT offers a proactive option for those undergoing IVF to increase the odds of a successful pregnancy and ensure the health of the future child, particularly for couples with known genetic risks. The choice among PGT-A, PGT-M, or PGT-SR depends on the specific genetic concerns and aims to provide a tailored approach to family building.